CURE - BALDNESS?

According to the American Hair Loss Association, two-thirds of men will experience hair loss by the age of 35. But women are also affected, making up 40% of all hair loss sufferers. Affecting self-image and emotional well-being, the condition has been a difficult one to treat. But a new study brings hope - in the form of human hair-follicle-generating stem cells.

Researchers from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania have published results of their study in Nature, where they describe the method by which they were able to convert adult cells into epithelial stem cells (EpSCs).

Although using stem cells to regrow hair follicles has been a potential technique for combatting baldness, until now, nobody has been able to produce enough of these cells.

The team says they are the first to achieve this result in either humans or mice.

Led by Dr. Xiaowei "George" Xu, associate professor of pathology and laboratory medicine and dermatology at the University of Pennsylvania, the scientists started their research by using human skin cells called dermal fibroblasts.

How did the team produce the cells?

The researchers converted the human skin cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by adding three genes. These iPSCs are able to change into any cell types in the body, so the researchers converted them into epithelial stem cells, which are normally found in a part of hair follicles.

The arrows show hair shafts, which were formed by iPSC-derived epithelial stem cells.
Image credit: Ruifeng Yang, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania

Using techniques from other research teams to convert iPSCs into keratinocytes - a main cell type in the top layer of the skin - Dr. Xu and colleagues showed they could "force" the iPSCs to make large quantities of EpSCs by controlling the timing of growth factors the cells received.

When they implanted these EpSCs into mice, the cells regenerated cell types of human skin and hair follicles, and also created recognizable hair shafts, which the team says shows promise for eventually regrowing hair in humans.

In 18 days, 25% of the iPSCs converted into EpSCs, which were then purified using the proteins expressed on their surfaces, the team notes.

Technique 'not yet ready for humans'

After mixing the human-derived EpSCs with dermal cells from mice, the team grafted them onto the skin of the mice and produced a functional human epidermis - the outermost layers of the skin.

The hair follicles that were produced from this, notes the team, were structurally similar to human hair follicles.

Dr. Xu says that this "is the first time anyone has made scalable amounts of epithelial stem cells that are capable of generating the epithelial component of hair follicles," adding that the cells could aid in wound healing, cosmetics and hair regeneration.

However, these cells are not yet ready for use in humans because the team has only solved one part of the equation. A hair follicle contains both epithelial cells and a certain kind of adult stem cell called dermal papillae.

Identifying Headaches

 Many of us fail to give much importance to our daily headaches. It is most likely to be considered as a minor disturbance, which can be healed with a dose of aspirin and some rest. However, this is not a long term solution for your headaches because when this worrying pain in your temple gets worse and becomes a documented routine pattern, it takes a lot more than popping fills to find some relief. One must understand that all headaches are unique and thus, each kind requires a unique treatment. If your headache is making you miss your school or office, then you must surely term it into an unbearable thing. But it just doesn't end there as the common symptoms accompanied with headaches are nausea, vomiting, dizziness and visual disturbance. But what’s the reason? There can be numerous causes for your throbbing headache.

#1: Tension Headaches

The most common there is. Caused due to stress, or some muscles in the neck or face, though irregular, they have become much frequent due to the increasing stressful lives. 

Symptoms: Feeling pressure or constriction around the head

Cure: Can be cured with a good sleep, or some exercise. But at worse, we recommend you seek experts

#2 Migraines: Another popular, and usually severe than the previous one. Caused by abnormal brain activities, which can be triggered by genes or sound, which further affects the blood vessels in the brain.

Symptoms: Moderate to severe pains, usually 1-4 times a month. The other symptoms which are associated with migraines are sensitivity to light and noise, vomiting, loss of appetite, dizziness and blurred vision.

Cure: A person with throbbing headache should meet a doctor at its earliest to avoid later problems.

#3 Cluster headaches:  the pain can go so grave that a person can actually try killing themselves. It usually occurs in clusters, which occurs at the same time every day.

Symptoms:  Bad throbbing pain on one side of the face, accompanied by red eye and running nose.

Cure: A person with throbbing headache should meet a doctor at its earliest to avoid later problems.

# 4: Mixed headache syndrome:  This type of headaches is a combination of migraine as well as tension headache. The pain can be too intense and excruciating.

 Cure: A good sleep in a dark room and a cup of green tea can give great benefits to the sufferer. 

# 5: Hangover headaches: Too much alcohol consumption can widen the blood vessels in the brain which can alter the serotonin on nerve endings which can further cause very bad headache.

Cure: The pain can go after some good sleep.

 # 6: Sinus headaches: The headache usually starts when; the sufferer gets a sinus attack. The headache can be caused due to running nose, which abrupt the blood flow to the brain vessels.

Symptoms: The symptoms of sinus headaches are intense pain in the cheekbones, throbbing headache and pain at the bridge of the nose. The headache is accompanied with other symptoms like nasal discharge, buzzing of the ears and red eyes.

# 7: Medication overdose headache this type of a headache is very difficult to diagnose. The main cause of the headache is using a particular medicine over a long period of time.

 Symptoms The symptoms of this headache are similar to tension headaches and occur when a person uses a certain painkiller for more than 15 days a month

 Cure: The best way to get rid of this type of headache is by stop depending on painkillers for quick relief. 

# 8: Hormone headaches: This type of headaches can be seen in both males as well as females. It usually occurs more in females due to constant hormonal changes in the body. The changes in the hormone levels which trigger headaches can be caused due to natural reasons like menstruation, pregnancy and menopause or by popping birth control pills regularly. 

 # 9: Brain tumour: At times brain tumour can also cause headaches. The headaches can be caused due to the pressure exhibited by the tumour within the skull which can affect the brain blood vessels. The headaches can also be accompanied with vomiting and dizziness.

 Symptoms: Weight loss

Cure: Seek medical help immediately

# 10: Chronic progressive headaches: It is a very uncommon headache and affects very few people. The real cause of this type of a headache can be some illness or disorder of the brain or skull. 

 Symptoms: The symptoms of this type of a headache are pain in the forehead and red eyes. It is also known as inflammatory headache.

# 11: Ice cream headaches: Does your brain freeze after taking a bite of ice cream or gulping cold water? Then probably you are a victim of ice cream headache. The headache occurs due to the cold sensation being felt in the mouth which increases the blood flow to the brain blood vessel. 

 Symptoms: The symptoms are shooting pain in the head and face after eating something cold.

# 12: Acute headaches: These types of headaches occur suddenly and subsidises after some times. If the symptoms are severe, then the possible cause of this type of headaches can be respiratory or sinus infection. 

# 13: Temporal arthritis: People who cross the age of 50 usually are a victim of this type of headache. This headache occurs due to inflammation in the temple arteries.

Symptoms: The symptoms of this headache are tender pain in the temple while chewing food.

 Cure: It is important to receive timely treatment to avoid vision problems.

# 14: Meningitis: The common symptoms of meningitis headaches are high fever, stiffness of the muscles around neck and face and skin rashes. 

# 15: Eyestrain headaches: If your eyes are strained due to certain activities like too much monitor time or reading a book in a dark, it can make your head hurt badly. The reason for this is straining our eyes for a long time.

Cure: The best treatment for this type of headache is taking frequent breaks while you use your monitor. Lastly, if your strained eyes cause headaches then it is best to meet an eye specialist immediately to know the hidden cause of the problem. 

 # 16: Caffeine-withdrawal headaches: People, who are habituated to a cup of coffee every day and suddenly miss it, may end up holding their head in their hands in pain. The reason for your severe headache is when you miss your cup of coffee, the blood flow to the brain increases due to caffeine withdrawal, which causes the swelling of the blood vessels. 

Symptoms: fatigue and dizziness

 # 17: Dental headaches: Certain dental problems like bruxism and temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJ) can cause serious headaches or face pain. Headaches can also be caused due to intense pain in the muscles of teeth, as muscles are connected to the brain as well. 

 # 18: Orgasm headaches: These types of headaches are usually caused after having an orgasm. This usually occurs in men. It usually starts after intercourse and though it is rare, but it is important to see a doctor to avoid disturbance in your sex life. 

# 19: Early morning headaches: If you get up with an intense headache, then there is possibility of a fading effect of medicines in your body as you sleep. People with sleep apnea are at a great risk to this type of headaches. Hence, make sure that you get a sound sleep at night. 

Cough

EFFECTIVE PLANTS FOR COUGH

1 . Ginger Rhizome ( Rhizoma Zingebris ) . Ginger and preparations have long been used for the treatment of flu symptoms . The effects associated with its activities as an immunomodulator . In addition, some compounds contained in ginger can be beneficial in increasing the body temperature . Ginger clinical trials more widely used as an anti- nausea and vomiting .

2 . Mint leaves ( Folia Menthae ) . Anti- cough effect : As an expectorant . Essential oils stimulate the respiratory mucosa ; increase or dilute mucus secretion ; give a sense of cold , as well as lowering the surface tension of the lung , thus improving the flow of incoming air . Another effect of Mint Leaf : As an anti- microbial .

3 . Rhizome Powder ( Kaemferaie Rhizoma ) . The main benefit is overcoming respiratory disorders . Effectiveness data for respiratory disorders are generally still in experimental animals . Usage on Aromatherapy : for relaxation , carminative and sedative . Other Uses : Cosmetics in the skin . Activity : Ethyl cinnamate , asorelaksasi .

4 . Fruit Lime ( Citrus Aurantii Fructus ) . Usage Lime to cough more done empirically. Benefits of essential oil content : As the aroma therapy of the respiratory tract . Benefits of Vitamin C content : Can be connected with The activation munomodulator . The current clinical study for standardized extract ( Sineprin ) is more widely used for weight control .

5 . Herba Timi ( Thymi Herb ) . Thymi is a plant that has long been used as antibatuk . The main effect as an expectorant and antis pasmodik . This activity is thought to be related contents Essential Oils ( thymol and carvacrol ) , and flavonoids . Thimi lubrication oral and intra- muscular in experimental animals , showed stimulation of the respiratory tract . In a double-blind randomized clinical trial in 60 patients complaints of productive cough . Use of Thimi Syrup ( 3x10mL/hari ) for 5 days , proved to give the effect is not significantly different from bromheksin .

6 . Seed Nutmeg ( Myristicae Cement ) . The main content is the Nutmeg Seed Essential Oil . Use of Nutmeg Seeds that have supported scientific studies is as a sedative and carminative . Animal studies prove Seed Nutmeg may increase the duration of sleep time .

7 . Sweet Root ( Radix Glycyrrhizae ) . Roots Manis is the main raw material for the OBH ( Black Cough ) . Cough developments Black is now combined with conventional medicine . Sweet Root is the main content of Glisirisi

8. Roasted turmeric powder with warm water